Light Therapy for Vitiligo or Phototherapy: A Comprehensive and Scientific Guide
Vitiligo is a chronic, non-contagious skin disorder in which pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) are destroyed or their function is impaired. The result is the formation of white spots on the skin, which can be visually disturbing for patients. Today, one of the effective methods for controlling and treating vitiligo in Shiraz is light therapy or phototherapy, which we will review in detail below.
What is vitiligo, and why does it happen?
The destruction of melanocytes causes vitiligo. This disease may have an autoimmune background, meaning that the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks pigment-producing cells. Genetic factors, severe stress, contact with chemicals, or trauma to the skin can also trigger this disease.
What is light therapy or phototherapy in Shiraz?
Phototherapy is a procedure in which the skin is exposed to controlled ultraviolet (UV) light to activate or slow down the process of pigment-producing cells. Phototherapy is divided into two main types:
- Narrowband UVB
- PUVA (psoralen + UVA)
In the treatment of freckles, the most widely used and effective is narrowband UVB.
Nonsurgical Skin Lift and Rejuvenation
Fotona laser at Irsa clinic
How is light therapy in Shiraz effective in treating vitiligo?
In narrowband UVB light therapy, 311-nanometer ultraviolet radiation is radiated to the affected areas. This radiation:
- Stimulates the production of melanin.
- Increases the activity of remaining melanocytes.
- Helps regulate the functioning of the skin’s immune system.
The result of this process is the gradual return of pigment to the white areas and the cessation of the spread of the disease in many cases.
Stages of vitiligo treatment in Shiraz with light therapy or phototherapy
As mentioned, phototherapy is one of the most effective methods of treating vitiligo, which uses controlled UV rays to stimulate skin re-pigmentation. This method provides significant results, especially in the early stages of the disease or limited spots.
Initial examination by a dermatologist
- Determination of the type and extent of vitiligo
- Examination of the general condition of the body
Start of phototherapy sessions (usually 2-3 sessions per week)
- Starting from a short period and gradually increasing.
- Treatment may last between 3 and 12 months.
Follow-up and evaluation of results
- The pigments gradually return.
- Stoppage or slowing of the progression of the disease is observed.
Benefits of using light therapy to treat vitiligo in Iran
Light therapy or phototherapy, as one of the new and effective methods in the treatment of vitiligo, has attracted the attention of doctors and patients. This method, using controlled ultraviolet radiation, helps to restore skin pigments and reduce white spots caused by vitiligo, and in many cases has yielded promising results, which we will discuss below:
- Non-invasive
- Painless and non-surgical
- Can be used for children and adults
- Positive effect on disease control and skin appearance
- Reduces the need for strong oral or topical medications
Possible side effects of light therapy or phototherapy
If treatment is not performed under the supervision of a specialist, side effects such as:
- Burning or redness of the skin
- Dryness or itching
- Premature aging of the skin
- Slight increase in the risk of skin cancer (if used long-term and without control)
May occur. For this reason, phototherapy should only be performed under the supervision of a dermatologist.
In which areas of the body is phototherapy most effective?
Experiences and studies have shown that the following areas usually respond best to phototherapy:
- Face and neck
- Trunk and chest
- Arms and thighs
In contrast, areas such as hands, feet, and fingers have a slower or more limited response.
Who are suitable candidates for light therapy in Iran?
Suitable candidates for phototherapy in the treatment of vitiligo are people who have the following conditions:
Patients with extensive vitiligo or resistant to topical treatments: People whose skin lesions affect a large part of the body or have not responded well to topical creams and medications usually benefit from phototherapy.
People with fair or medium skin: The response to phototherapy is usually better and faster in fair or medium skin, because the color difference between normal skin and the spots is less.
People whose vitiligo is not progressing rapidly: Those whose disease is stable or has a slow progression are considered a better option for phototherapy.
People in good general health: Phototherapy requires repeated sessions and must be followed up regularly to obtain results, so the person must have the physical ability and time to continue the sessions.
People with vitiligo lesions on specific areas of the body, such as the face, neck, and trunk These areas tend to respond better to light therapy than more resistant areas, such as the hands and feet.
Who should not use light therapy or phototherapy?
Light therapy is an effective and non-invasive treatment for vitiligo, but it is not suitable for everyone. Some physical or medical conditions can increase the risks of exposure to ultraviolet light or reduce the effectiveness of treatment. It is important to be aware of these factors in order to make safe and informed decisions about your treatment. Below, we will explain who should not use light therapy.
People with severe photosensitivity: If a person is sensitive to light due to underlying medical conditions or taking medications such as antibiotics or antidepressants, light therapy can be dangerous.
Pregnant women (with caution): Although light therapy is usually safe, it should be used with medical advice during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester.
People with a history of melanoma or skin cancer: Light therapy may not be suitable for those with a history of skin cancer and requires a more careful evaluation.
People who are unable to attend treatment sessions regularly: Light therapy requires several regular sessions per week. If a person is unable to maintain this regularity, the effectiveness of the treatment is reduced.
People with UV-sensitive eye disorders (without the use of eye protection): If the patient does not wear special glasses, UV rays may cause damage to the retina or lens of the eye.
Light therapy aftercare in Shiraz for the vitiligo treatment
Although light therapy is a relatively low-risk method, proper care after each session plays a key role in preventing skin irritation, increasing the effectiveness of the treatment, and maintaining skin health. Following expert advice during the post-treatment period prevents inflammation, dryness, or superficial burns and facilitates the process of pigment regeneration.
Let’s look at these points:
Keeping the skin moisturized: Using fragrance-free moisturizers helps prevent the skin from drying out or becoming irritated after radiation.
Avoiding direct sunlight after sessions: Sun exposure should be avoided for at least 24 hours after light therapy, unless the skin is well protected.
Using sunscreen with a high SPF: Especially on areas exposed to light, it is essential to use sunscreen to prevent burns and irritation.
Drinking enough water: Light therapy may cause mild dehydration of the skin; Drinking enough water helps to stay hydrated.
Report any unusual redness, blistering, or burning to your doctor. If signs of sensitivity or unusual inflammation are observed, treatment should be temporarily stopped and checked by a doctor.
Comparison table of advantages and disadvantages of light therapy for the treatment of vitiligo in Shiraz
| Advantages (benefits) | Disadvantages (limitations and risks) |
| Effective in restoring pigment to the skin | especially in the early stages Requires a large number of sessions (2 to 3 times a week for several months) |
| Painless and non-invasive | Possibility of temporary redness, dryness or burning of the skin |
| Suitable for children (with medical supervision) | May not be used for some areas of the body, such as around the eyes |
| Can be combined with medications or topical ointments to enhance the effect | Not the same response in all patients (individual effectiveness varies) |
| Relatively safe in the long term if the principles are followed | Requires specialized equipment or referral to treatment centers with UVB Narrow Band |
| No need for surgery or a recovery period | Contraindicated in people with a history of skin cancer or photosensitivity |
In many patients, UVB Narrow Band light therapy has the best therapeutic response compared to other forms of phototherapy and is also considered the least risky type.
Frequently asked questions by users about light therapy and vitiligo treatment in Shiraz
1. How many sessions of light therapy are needed for vitiligo?
Usually, between 30 and 120 sessions are needed, which varies depending on the skin’s response, the severity of the disease, and the location of the disease.
2. Can sunlight replace phototherapy?
No. Sunlight has different rays and uncontrolled exposure may cause burns and aggravate the disease.
3. Can vitiligo be completely cured with phototherapy?
There is no definitive cure, but light therapy can help restore skin color and stop the progression of the disease. In many patients, significant and lasting results have been observed.
Summary and Conclusion
Light therapy has gained a special place in dermatology as one of the most effective treatments for vitiligo. This method, with the least side effects and the highest level of effectiveness, helps patients regain their natural skin color and improve their quality of life.
If you or a loved one has vitiligo, consulting a dermatologist to evaluate the possibility of starting phototherapy can be an effective first step on the path to recovery.
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